3^rd International Conference on Central Nervous System Disorders & Therapeutics Oct 02-03, 2017 Vienna, Austria

DELICH Olena: Currently a student and head of scientific society of the medical faculty of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine. ABDEL WAHHAB O GH: Currently he is a student of the medical faculty of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine. MERKULOVA Olga: Currently working as an associate professor in the department of neurology at V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine. PASYURA Igor: Currently working as a the head of department of Neurology at Kharkiv Railway Clinical Hospital of â„–1 Branch "Health Center" of the Public joint stock company "Ukrainian Railway", Ukraine. SHEVCHENKO L M: Currently working as a doctor in the department of Neurology at Kharkiv Railway Clinical Hospital of â„–1 Branch "Health Center" of the Public joint stock company "Ukrainian Railway", Ukraine.

A 54-year-old woman was treated initially with neuritis of right optic nerve in 2013 that resolved completely. Two years later, she presented with relapse and partial visual functions recovery of right optic nerve. Ophthalmoscopy analysis showed atrophic changes of the disc optic nerve. After undercooling in March 2016, a patient complained of interscapular pain, weakness of the right limbs and urinary retention. MRI of thoracic part of spinal cord showed high T2 signal spread at least more than three vertebral segments, osteochondrosis. CT-angiography of spinal cord showed an absence of vascular malformations. A patient was treated with dexamethasone, ceftriaxone, vascular and metabolic therapy and was discharged with partial recovery, but interscapular pain was still present, sensory impairments from Th6 level down, urinary retention and constipation were revealed. From June 2016, she developed the lower spastic paraplegia. MRI of the brain (2015) didn’t reveal any local change of the brain tissues, besides asymmetric hydrocephalus of the lateral ventricles. Biochemical analysis serum antibodies IgG, the specific markers of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), connected with aquaporin -4-(AQP4) usually led to increase of AQP4 concentration, which was 1:320 in our case. Course treatment included solumedrol, aciclovir, ceraxon, actovegin, and cytostatic drugs. The patient was discharged with certain improvements and diagnosed with NMO, partial atrophy of the disc right optic nerve, lower paraplegia, reduced sensitivity in trunk and right lower limb, pelvic sphincter disturbances. From September 2016, the patient started to use copaxone (40 mg/ml 3 times a week s.c. for 4 months). Pain in upper thoracic, cervical parts of vertebra with irradiation to the occipital region increased after respiratory infection in December 2016. The numbness spread to Th4-Th5 segments, appear the clinic of lower paraplegia. She got plasmapheresis as an out-patient one time. Every month from September 2016 to March 2017, infusion of methylprednisolone was performed (1000 mg), rituximab (375 mg/kg i.v. infusion every 10 days №4 from February to March). So, clinical diagnosis now is Neuromyelitis optica (Devic`s disease), remitting course, exacerbation, lower spastic paraplegia, pelvic sphincter disturbances by type of urinary retention and constipation, of the right disc optic nerve atrophy.

Toshio Obata is currently working as a Professor in the Department of Nursing at Faculty of Health Sciences, Osaka Aoyama University, Japan. He has published several original research papers in the reputed journals and also participated into several scientific meetings.

The present study examined the antioxidant effect of histidine, a singlet oxygen (1O2) scavenger, on para-nonylphenol, an environmental estrogen-like chemical, enhances 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation in extracellular fluid of rat striatum. Rats were anesthetized, and sodium salicylate in Ringer's solution (0.5 nmol/l/min) was infused through a microdialysis probe to detect the generation of •OH as reflected by the non-enzymatic formation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) in the striatum. Induction of para-nonylphenol (10 M) significantly enhanced MPP+-induced •OH generation. However, histidine (25 mM) decreased the para-nonylphenol-induced •OH formation. Although the level of MPP+-induced •OH formation trapped as DHBA after para-nonylphenol treatment increased, para-nonylphenol failed to increase either the level of dopamine (DA) and DHBA formation in the reserpinized anuimals. When iron (II) was administered to para-nonylphenol (10 M)-pretreated rats, iron (II) clearly produced a dose-dependent increase in •OH formation, compared with MPP+-only treated animals, that showed a positive linear correlation between iron (II) and DHBA (R2=0.983) in the dialysate. However, in the presence of histidine (25 mM), small increase in the level of DHBA products were observed. These results indicate that para-nonylphenol enhanced •OH generation on 1O2 production, and histidine may have preventive effect on para-nonylphenol and MPP+-induced •OH generation in rat striatum.

Dmitryi V Chistyakov has his expertise in cell signaling pathways controlling inflammatory responses within the central nervous system. His scientific interests concern mechanisms that control innate immune response within nervous tissue on cellular level. Investigations within this field have brought him to the question about mRNA stability control during inflammatory response on the level of cells. These two processes – activation of innate immune response and post-transcriptional gene expression regulation turned out to be crucial for glioma development as well. Understanding their interaction during tumor development is one of the attractive directions of his research development.

Statement of the Problem: Glioma is a heterogeneous group of primary brain tumors with poor prognoses. Effective treatment strategies for glioma have yet to be developed. This requires better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved into pathology, determining promising drug targets. Recently, it has become clear that mRNA stability regulation by Adenine-Uridine Rich Element (ARE) binding factors plays crucial role in cancer biology. This study aimed to unravel participation of ARE-binding factors TTP, HUR, BRF1, BRF2, KSRP, AUF1 in gene networks of gliomas. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Data on gene expression in 276 glioma samples and 8 samples of healthy brain tissue were downloaded from Gene Omnibus (ID: GSE16011). Differential expression of the ARE-binding factors; correlations in expression patterns of the ARE-factors and other genes; biological functions of genes with associated expression patterns were analyzed. Conclusion & Significance: Among ARE-binding factors TTP, BRF1, BRF2, KSRP but not HUR were upregulated at an mRNA level in brain tumors. Genes, correlating with ARE-factors by their expression patterns, split into two large subgroups: those that positively correlated with TTP and negatively correlated with HUR and vice versa. Interestingly, TTP-positive/HUR-negative genes were enriched in innate immune response mediators and TTP-negative/HUR-positive genes were enriched in RNA binding factors. Moreover, TTP associated genes were previously recognized as glioma survival prognosis markers. The obtained data demonstrate that ARE-binding factors are involved into glioma biology on a transcriptome level, reveal antagonistic relations between TTP and HUR and indicate that an ARE-mediated mRNA stability control pathway represents a promising target for tumor treatment strategies development. The research was supported by RFBR grant â„–16-34-01085 mol_a.

Dmitryi V Chistyakov has his expertise in cell signaling pathways controlling inflammatory responses within the central nervous system. His scientific interests concern mechanisms that control innate immune response within nervous tissue on cellular level. Investigations within this field have brought him to the question about mRNA stability control during inflammatory response on the level of cells. These two processes – activation of innate immune response and post-transcriptional gene expression regulation turned out to be crucial for glioma development as well. Understanding their interaction during tumor development is one of the attractive directions of his research development.

Statement of the Problem: Neuroinflammation is an innate immune response that accompanies numerous disorders within CNS, including neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, cancer and others. In spite of its primary protective role, neuroinflammation often takes form of a chronic process and represents a damaging factor, exacerbating nervous tissue injury. Mechanisms that could switch immune response within CNS to physiological termination, referred to as resolution, are of high scientific and practical interest. In the current study, we have analyzed release of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) – a major lipid mediator of inflammation resolution derived upon enzymatic processing of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in mixed cultures of primary astrocytes within an in vitro model of neuroinflammation. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Primary cultures of glial cells enriched in astrocytes were obtained from brains of neonatal Wistar rat pups by conventional procedures. Cells were stimulated with LPS for 4 and 24 hours. Cell lysates and cell free culture media were used to analyze COX-2 and TNFα expression as well as PGE2 release. RvD1 and DHA concentrations in cell-free culture media were analyzed by ELISA and HPLC/MS. Conclusion & Significance: Glial cultures responded to LPS stimulation with upregulation of COX-2 and TNFα on both mRNA and protein levels and increase in DHA and PGE2 production. At the same time RvD1 was not detected in cell lysates or cell free culture media. The obtained results indicate that astrocytes are not directly involved into resolvin production upon LPS stimulation and have a unique role in the process of inflammatory response resolution within CNS.

Hoda Azmy is currently pursuing her undergraduate studies from Mansoura University, Egypt. Now, she is in the 4th level of Bachelor’s degree in the field of Pharmacy. Her research interest area is Pharmacy and Neuropharmacology.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) has been shown to play a major role in transcriptional silencing in part by installing methylation marks on lysine 27 of histone 3. Dysregulation of PRC2 function correlates with both certain malignancies and also correlates with the nerve regeneration process. EZH2 is the catalytic engine of the PRC2 complex responsible for the methylation process and is overexpressed in many malignancies thus represents a key candidate oncology target. In an attempt to shed more light on EZH2 inhibition as target against cancer, we synthesize and apply molecular docking of some benzimidazole and benzoxazole derivatives into EZH2 active site to help in treatment of many malignancies specially the B-cell lymphoma and as nerve regenerators in case of nerve injury.

Yun-Jung Choi has her expertise in psychiatric/mental health nursing practice, research, and education. Her Hwa-Byung (Korean anger disorder) model based on Grounded theory creates new perspectives for understanding cultural care and improving healthcare. She also has contributed on disaster mental health care after years of experience in teaching and administration at the Red Cross College of Nursing. Recently, she is focusing on integrating her experiences of psychiatric/ mental health nursing simulation using standardized patients, cultural mental health nursing, and psychological support for people with trauma.

Statement of the Problem: Koreans have experienced catastrophic disasters, which are continually growing for decades. Many people have died from shopping center breakdown, subway fire, ferry submerge, and so on. National psychological support system has been initiated for people who are affected from disaster, right after the subway fire disaster in Daegu in 2003. Even though many programs and educations had been provided for disaster psychological support over 10 years, the Sewol ferry accident in 2014 gave recognition that effective infrastructures for disaster psychological support were still deficient in Korea. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: This research attempted to explore mental health experiences from trauma to develop an evidence-based framework for preventing/early intervention of PTSD, depression, anxiety, or substance abuse of the population. A qualitative research design was used to examine the people’s lived experiences. Findings: A conceptual framework was constructed based on the paradigm of the trauma experience using 11 concepts (Figure 1). Conclusion & Significance: Exploration of mental health problems associated with trauma provides evidence-based findings to help further mental health education, practice, administration, and research.

Mohammad Sadegh Nikdad is currently working as a Professor in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. His major area of interest includes Neurology, Neurosurgery, etc. He has published several original articles in the reputed and peer reviewed journals and also participated into several scientific meetings.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive primary tumor with frequent recurrences that leaves patients with a short survival time and a low quality of life. The aim of this study was to review prognostic factors in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. The focus of this retrospective study was a group of 153 patients with supratentorial GBM tumors, who were admitted in a tertiary-care referral academic center from 2005 to 2013. Factors associated with survival and local recurrence were assessed using the hazard ratio (HR) function of Cox proportional hazards regression and neural network analysis. Of the 153 patients, 99 patients (64.7%) were male. The average age of patients was 55.69±15.10 years. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 14.0 and 7.10 months, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, age (HR=2.939, P<0.001), operative method (HR=7.416, P<0.001), temozolomide (TMZ, HR=11.723, P<0.001), lomustine (CCNU, HR= 8.139, P<0.001), occipital lobe involvement (HR=3.088, P<0.001) and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS, HR=4.831, P<0.001) were shown to be significantly associated with a higher OS rate. Furthermore, higher KPS (HR=7.292, P<0.001), operative method (HR=0.493, P=0.005), the use of CCNU (HR=2.047, P=0.003) and resection vs. chemotherapy (HR=0.171, P<0.001) were the significant factors associated with local recurrence of tumor. Our findings suggest that the use of CCNU and TMZ, operative method and higher KPS readings are associated with both higher survival and lower local recurrence rates.